THE ASIA UNIQUE STAMPS AND POSTAL HISTORY CIRCA 1976
UCM-uniquecollection.wordpress.com CyberMuseum
@cpyright Dr iwan s 2010
A.Dr IWAN S NOTES
a.I starting stamps collection during 1955 very young boy. look my vintage photo with mother Diana lanny and father Djohan Oetama at Bukittingi West Sumatra 1955, my father passed away in 1985 and my mther still alive now in 91 years old.
b.Between 1960-1963, during study at Don Bosco high school I had started collected beside stamps all type of informations collections due to my Teacher Frater Servaas told me that I must collected the Informations due to the develping the satellite which made the globalizations which the growing of world cmmunications will became fast and no border between the nations countries, who have the Information he will became the leader and the King in communications, thank you Frater Servaas your info which made me can built the very best informations communications uniquecollection blog in the world.
Look at in memoriam Frater Servaas with my teacher at Frater middle school in memrian Frater Eric at my House during my Sister Erlita 17th years birthday in 1963.
also look my profile with my loving teacher who still alive and stay at Padang city west sumatra Pak Sofjanto at my house in the same time of the photo above
c.Between 1973-1983 many interesting history which related with the stamp and postal history and also with my life :
1. In 1972 I have graduated Medical Doctor(MD)
2.as the temporary assitenst at Pulmonology (Lung Disease) department in Medical faculty
3.In 1973 join the medical officer of Indonesia National Police
4.in September 1973 I was merried with Lily W.
5. in 1974 my first son Albert our photographer was born in November 1974, and later in January 1977 born my second son Anton our Editor .
a. Albert at Solok city west Sumatra 1978
b.Anton at Solok city 1978
6. Between 1975 until 1989 I have travelled around Indonesia myself or officially and I have found many uniquecollections that time.
7.In 1985 I have made a postal communications, I have send the aerogram to all Postal services in the capital city of all oin the world, 90 % send to me back the official cover,this could be done by the helping of Padang postmaster Ahmadsyah Soewil, his father collections I had bought in 1980.
The vintage photo of Soewil St.marajo ,during the chief of Painan West Sumatra Post office
look his photos
During Dai Nippon occupation he still at Painan and during Indonesia Independence war he was the Finance officer of Padang office and later in 1950-1959 the chief of TelukBayur Harbour west Sumatra post office, seme of the rare West sumatra during Dai Nippon occupation and Indonesia Inedependence war were his collectins,thankyou Family Soewil for that rare collections(complete infrmatins source Dai nippon occupatin sumatra under Malaya Singapore or Syonato Dai Nippon military Administrations and Indonesia Independence war collections.
8. Before between 1979-1985 I have joint the postal circuit club and I have found many covers from all over the world especially Latin America.This circuit as the help of my friend Frans,now he was in Bogor.
9.In 1990 I was graduate my Master Hospital Administration.
10.Between 1990-1994
I was n the duty at West Borneo and visit Sarwak,and i have fund some rare Sarawak stamps, revenue there and in Pontianak I have found rare sarawak coins
11.Between 1995 until 2000
I am seeking the postally used cover from the countries I havenot found especailly the new freedom countries.
All the postal stamps and covers I will arranged in the very exciting and unique collections, I will starting with Asia Countries, and later Africa, Australia, America and Euro.
This special collections were built dedicated to my Sons,especially the histrical fact from my vintage books collections as the rememberance what their father collected and I hope they will keep this beautiful and histric collections until put in speciale site in the CyberMuseum.
I hope all the collectors all over the world will help me to complete the collections, frm Asia I donnot have the cover from Bhutan,Mongol, Tibet, and SAfghanistan.but the stamps I have complete from that countries except my thematic bridge on the river kwai from Myanmar and Thailand.
12. In the years of 2000, I was retired from my job
this is my official profile just before retired.
13, Between 2000-2008
I am travelling around Asia,and starting to arranged my travelling unque collections.
14. December,25th 2008 until now
I built the uniquecollection.wrdpress.com Blog , and built the special site UCM-uniquecollections CyberMuseum with many types collections :
1. The Unique books collections
2. The Unique Stamps collectins
3. The rare Coins collections
4. The rare ceramic collections
5. The Unique label collectins
6. The Travelling Unque collections (now changed as the Adventures of Dr iwan S0
7. The Tionghoa Unique Collections
8. The Asia Unique Collections
9. The Africa Unique collections
10. The Padang minanglabau CyberMuseum
I WRITE THIS MEMORABLE STORY WITH RELATED UNIQUECOLLECTIONS ILLUSTRATIONS AS MY HONOR TO MY LOVING FAMILY , ALL MY FRIEND AND MY TEACHERS.BECAUSE WITHOUT YOU I AM NOTHING AT ALL,AND YOU ARE ALWAYS IN MY HEART FOREVER.
B. THE ASIA CHRONOLOGIC HISTORIC UNIQUE STAMPS COLLECTIONS (THE COUNTRIES ARRANGED IN ALPHABETIC)
I. The A countries
1.Aden
(1)history
(2)Rare Stamps and Postal History
(a) Pre WW II
2.AFGHANISTAN
(1) cIRCA 1976
Then Republic of Afghanistan celebrated its third year amid political cakm. As 1976 ended,the long-awaited Constitution was still awaited, and the country continued to be ruled by presidential decree. Politically cpmscious elements showed remarkable apathy and no overt resistance to the autoritarian regime of President Mohammed Daud,Rumors of underground disaffection remained. Daud disarmed his potonsial opponent by purduing moderate and centries policies. Early speculation that he was astalking horse for pro communist elements disappeaered.
Afghanistan information Highlight.
Official name : Republic of Afghanistan
Location : Central Asia
Population : 19.500.000
Area : 647.497 km2
Chief City : Kabul,the Capital(534.0000),KandAHAR (FORMER CAPITAL) 140.000 ,Baglan 111.000.
(2) RARE STAMPS AND POSTAL HISTORY
(a)Pre WWI
II. The B countries
1.Bhutan
(1) Bhutan 1976
No information about Bhutan in 1976, the info I have foun before and the modern Bhutan in 2002, complete info red at The Bhutan Uniqeu Collections in this blog.
Bhutan in 2002, Bhutan is the only democratic theocracy in the World with the King governing through a stong Buddhist elected assembly. It is completely land-locked,strategically located between India and China. 90% mountainous with difficult terrain. It has a predominantly rural population practising subsistence farming. Monastic education given a high priority and taking place in Buddhist colleges and meditation centers.
Bhutan highlight
Capital : Thimpu
Language : Nepali,Dzongkha,English
Population: 900.000
Lieracy : 45%
District : 20
Villages : 67.503
Christian : less than 1 %
Major Peoples Group Bhote, Durkpa, Ngalong and Nepalese
(2) Rare Stamps and Postal History :
(a)Pre WW II
(b) Post WWII
b1 Royal Invitation card
b2 Postal History
2.Bangladesh
(1) History circa 1976
East Pakistan ,the smaller but more populous of the 2 section of Pakistan, achieved independence as Bangladesh (Bengal Nation) during December,3rd.1971 after India Pakistan war. It is mostly a low plain cut by the Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers and it is bounded by India,Burma and the Bay of Bengal,it is subject to heavy monsoon rains. Aresa 55.128 Km2,population 76.820.000 ,Capital Dacca,monetery Taka.
(2)Bangladeh stamps and postal history
the First definitif stamps postalhistory and the first emergency rubberhandstamped Bangladesh in native overprint Pakistan stamp.
3.Burma (now Myanmar)
(1)President Ne Wins regime waqs threaened by internal and external enemies in 1976. An attempt coup by junior army officers-the first such action in 14 years of military rule-was thwarted.But Chinese-supported Communist and a variety of ethnic rebels expanded thair revolt again the Rangoon (now yangoon) government.
(2)The conspiraty to unseat President Ne Win and his chiel lieutenants, heir apparent Gen.San Yu and inteligence chief Col. Tin Oo was led by Capt. Ohn Kyaw Myint. Announcing discovery of the plot, the president blamed a ‘worship of personality’ cult, areference to another Tin Oo, a popular general who was removed as defense minister earlier in the Year, but there was no evidence og Gen Tin Oos involvement in the coup attempt, and he was not arrest.
Discontent with the regime also was reflected in March 1976 student demonstrations,which caused the government to close the cuntrys universities for the fourth time in two years. Three grenade throwing incident in Rangoon,the capital, in August were blamed on right-wing opposition element.
(3) Burma Information highlight
Official Name : Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma
Location : Southeast Asia
Area : 678,033 km2
Population : 31.200,000 ( Rangoon 2.100.000, Mandalay 417.000, and Molmein 202.000)
(4) Burma Stamps collection
(a) Pre WW II
(b) Dai Nippon Occupation
(c)Post WWII
III. The C Countries
1. Cambodia (Khmer)
(1)Cambodians Communist rules established new instruments og government and generally conso-lidated of government and generally consolidated their political control over the country in 1976, their first year in power. Economically,hwever, they cntinued t have serious problem. A persisting food shortage resulted in widespread chronic malnutrition and starvation and tens of thousands of Cambodians died.
(2) Cambodia was said to be in a state of total mobilization by the few foreigners allowed to visit the country. refugees who crossed over into Thailand confirmed this description. A large-scale movement of population was reported in the early month of 1976 as it had been in the wake of the Communists April 17975 take-over. The capital city of Phom Phen , which frmely had 21/2 million inhabitants, reprtelly had dropped to 100.000 resident by the end of 1976.
Refugee charged that 500.000 to 1.000.000 persons have lost their lives since April 1975. This was said to be the result of starvation,forced labor, reprisal execution of middle class and other sympathizers of the previus Lon nol administratin; and the outright
abondonment of many old,ill, and crippled persons.
(2) The Communist leadership kept tight military control over the cuntry. But significant progress apparently was registered in the establisment of new governing institution and in the distribution of power among the chief ruling figires. A new constitution, approved by a 1000 member nationaql congress in December 1975,went in effect on January 5. The cuntry was renamed ‘Democratic Cambodia’ and a new national anthem and flag were adpted.
Elections were held n March 20-the first in any of the three Indchinese communist countries since take over in 1975- fr a 250-delegate Peples representative Assembly. There were 515 candidates fr the 150 seats for farmers, 50 for soldiers, and 50 for Workers .
A reported 98% of the 3.6 millions eligible voters participated. Among those gaining seats were Chief of State Prince Norodom Sihanouk and his chief Lieutenant ,Premier Penn Nouth.
Sihanuk and Nouth resigned their gvernment positions in April,when the Peples Representative assembly,which will meet only once a year, held its first session. Khieu Samphan believed by many to be Cambodias top CXommunist, became the cuntrys new chief of state as its first president. Tol saut , a previusly obscure leader of rubber platation workers,succeeded Nouth as premier.
However,who really ryled Cambodia was still nt clear. Saut was subsequently replaced as Prenier, for reasons of health, by Muon Chea,chairman of the standing comittee of the Peples Reprsentative Assembly (which acts on behalf of the Assembly between its annualsession). refugee reprtd,meanwhile,indicated the saloth Sar,secretary general of the cambodian Communist party, might be the cuntrys real leader,ruling thrugh an unpublicized fiveman committee.
(3) Cambodian Infrmations Highlight
Official name : Democratic cambodia
Area : 181,035 km2
Chief Cities : PhnmPhen,the Capital.
Governement : Head of Stae,Khieu Samphan,President (took office April 1975). Head of government,Mun Chia,acting prime menister(took office spet.1976)
(4) The unique Cambodian Stamps
(a) Pre WWII (Indochina stamps)
Ankor Wat Picture Postcard.
Royal Palace Phom Phen Picture Postcard
Vintage native Cambodian Dancer Picture Postcard
Vintage Ankorwat painting picture postcard
Vintage Ankorwat Picture postcard send from Siem Riep
Cambodge proff stamps
(b) Post WWII.
2.China
a. Pre 1970 (1950-1970)
b. 1970-1980
1. The Historical fact
a.China , the worlds most populous nation, remain divided under opposing regimes:the Peples republic of China (PRC) on the mainland and The Republic of China (Nationalist china) n the Island of Taiwan (Formosa)
b. PRC People Republic of China
Chairman Mao Tse-tungs death in September 1976 ended the long era during which he dminated the chinese Communist party and the nation.
A fierce power struggle ensued, resulting in the arrest of Chiang Ching, Mao widow, and three ther leftist leaders.
look at the caricature about Mao Widow and her friends
Premier HUa Kuo-feng was appinted chairman of the party, succeeding Mao. He had the supprt of moderate party bureaucrats and army commanders.With the Mao death, the Standing committee was left with furmembers, namely, HUa Ku-feng ,the new Premier, Wang Hung-wen the youthful leftish, Chang Chun Chia , a Cultural Revolutin leader, and 78 year old Yeh Chien-ying , the menister of defense.
look at the original Mao and Hua vintage book illustration 1976.
1).Mao official photo 1976
2.) Hua official photo 1976
c. Mao death informations
Mao died n Sept.6th,1976 at age of 82. Rising to predominance in his party in 1933, he led the Communist revlution to victory and funded the PRC in 1949, beginning the Maist era that endede nly with his death.
Ma had been ill from a long time.He had not appeared in Public since 1973, although he continued to recieve foreign leaders until June 1976. The official announscement did not specify the nature of his illness, but it was beliened that he had long been suffering from Parkinson disease.
The Gouverment proclaimed an eight-day mourning period, with the last day, Septemebr 18, set fr a commemorative mass rally to be held in Tien An Men Square in Peking. It was estimated that during the first seven days 300.000 people, including a large number of foreingers in Peking paid their respects to the chairman lying in state at the Great Hall of the Poeple and about a million Chinese took part in the rally that ended in a wave of weeping.
During the official mourning perid, the body of Mao lay in state in the Great Hall of people. Later it was announced that a masoleum the body would be built in Beijing (until now the body still intack due the modern freeshing technology at the same place in the front of Tien An Menh square and Forbidden City.
2. The Unique Stamps
a. Mao Stamps
b. Very rare Mei Lan fang sheet
b. The Cultural revolution Catalogue 1979 illustration of the very rare unissued stamps error stamps China is red but the taiwan not red.
3. The Unique cover
c. 1980-2000.
III.China,Taipeh,ROC Taiwan
(1)ROC info circa1976
Political stability continued to prevail Taiwan, and the government was becoming less remote to the people. It maintained adequate economic growth,despite slow world economic recovery.The Nationalist showed uneasiness over relations with the USA as the American 00presidential election threw near.They were afraid that the US might normalize relations with Peking and sever its ties with Taiwan. Throughout the year Taipeh made extensive efforts to promote trade with countries with which it had no diplomatic relations.Under premier Ciang Ching-kuo the government was far less remote than before,the premier frequently went out to meet people in an infromal way,making a point of talking to the peasant and the country folks. AS partial resuffle of the cabinet was ordered on June 9, Chang Feng-shu,former mayor of Taipei,was named minister of the interior; Walter H.Fei,former secretary general of the executive Yuan,was appointed minister of finance; Wang Tao-yuan ,former vice minister of justice,was promoted to be minister of justice;and Lin Chin-seng,fromer interior minister,became minister of communications.
Nationalist C hina information hihglight: Official n ame Republic of China,Location island of the southern coast of mainland china ,Taiwan. Area 35.961km2,population 16.300.000, Chief city Taipei,the capiotal(1.900.000), Haoshiung(784.502), Taichung(428.426)., Government,head of state Yen Cia-kan,president(installed april 1976),head of government ,Chiang Chin-kuo,premier(took office May 1972).
Monetery New Taiwan(NT) dollar (NT$38,36 equak US$1).
(2) Stamp and Postal History collection:
(a)pre WWIItaiwan stamp1859 
taiwanformosa 
(b)post WWII 
IV. THE D ASIA COUNTRIES
V. THE E ASIA COUNTRIES
1. EGYPT
(1)In many ways 1976 was a return for Egypte to the pre-Nasser days of the early 1950 with a relatively free economy, a lessened preccupation with Israel, but an increased concern with Arab polities
During President Nazer , the King Faroek stamps were verprint with bar on his face.
(a) Bar overprint on King Faroek coronation stamps
(b) Bar overprint on King Faroek airmails stamps
(c) Arabic character overprint on King Faroek definitif stamps
(d) President Nazer profile stamps
(2)In October Egypts President Anwar el-Sadat was sworn in for a second six-year term.
(2) later Anwar el-Shadat discussed anew cabinet with Premier Mohammad Salem(right) and Vice President Muhammad Husni Mubarak(left)
(a) High definitif Egypt Stamps with Anciet Egypt emperor figur
nominal 1 pound
(b) President Anwar el-Sadat figur stamp
The ASIA F CUNTRIES
THE ASIA G CUNTRIES
THE ASIA H COUNTRIES
(1)Hongkong.
recovery from the 1974-1975 economic recession,begun in the autumn of 1975,accelerated in 1976. Hongkong hosted the Miss Universe Pageant in 1976 for the first time.
The independent commission against Corruption has been making investigation into syndicate corruption in the traffic departement of the police.About 300 policeman of veraious ranks applied and were approved for resignation or early retirement in the first half of 1976. Crimes in the colony during that time totalewd 26.608 and increase of 3,4% ov er the same period in 1975.Hongkong informations highlight: Location southern coast of China, area 1.034km2,population 4.400.000,chief city Victoria the capital 1.100.000.Head of government Sir Muray Maclehose,gov ernor took office in 1971.Monetery unit,HK $ 4.85 of US% in Oct 1976.THE HONGKONG HARB OUR IN 1975 
THE ASIA I COUNTRIES
I. INDIA
By the 10th anniversary of Mrs Gandhis selection as prime minister of India, in January 1976, it was apperent that the’temporary’ emergency proclaimed n June 26,1975, had became a permanent one. The event of 1976 cnfirmed this judgement. The improvement in the ecnmic situatin,which had begun in 1975,cntinued. Highlight of a very busy year in freign policy were improved relation with pakistan and China and mrs Gandhis visit to the Soviet Union.
Look at the vintage India photo collections in 1976
1. Indian troops carrying guns and riding camels create a majestic appearance during Republic Day ceremonies
2. In January 1976 Indira Gandhi filled her tenth year as prime minister of India. A huge sign in downtown New Delhi emphsizes her 20-point program.
THE RARE INDIA STAMPS COLLECTIONS
1. PRE WW II
2. AFTER WW II
II.INDONESIA(MY HOMELAND)
1. During 1976 which saw that the 10th anniversary f President Suhartos ‘New Order’ government ,Indonesia s chief pririty econmic development.
look at the picture the Indnesia flea market where used bicycle part were on sale
Indonesia took steps to dilute its close identification with the West. The Soviet Union agreed t help build two hydroelectric staion in Java and an alumina smelter on Bintan Island. Indnesia and Vietnam annunced an exchange of econmic delegatins to investigate possible trade and cooperatin. freign Minister Adam Malik annunced that Indonesia planned to establish diplomatic relatin with China after the election.
Preliminary steps were taken to prepares fr May 2nd 1977 electins f a national peple’s Cnsultative Assambly(MPR DPR). As a cnsequence of government sponsred efforts to simplify the political spectrum, the election will be by only three major political parties.
Corruptin became an increasingly prminent plitical issue, with rumrs and freign press reprt f profiteering by high level fficial, includin the president , his wife,and their families. president Suharto issued a six-point statement denying the accusations.
2. Following the outbraek of cicvil war in East Timor and the breakdown of Portugyese authority in Augus 1975. Indonesia armed frces ‘volunteer’ intervened in December 1975. This actin generated cnsiderable criticim, including UN Secretary Council resolutions calling for Indonesian forces to withdraw and for the secretary general t send a fact-finding missin t the trerritory. Nevertheless Indnesian Forces cnsolidated their control and on July 17 1976, President Suhart signed a bill making East Timor Indonesians 27th province. This ended nearly 500 years portuguese rule.
3, Stamps and postal History collections
(1) Pre WWII
(2) During WWII
(3) during Indonesia Independent War
(4) Sukarno Era
(5) Suharto Era
III.ISRAEL
nO YEAR IS AN EASY ONE FOR iSRAEL,BUT 1976 PROVIDED A RESPITE FROM WAR AND VARIOUS CRISES. The Sinai agreement between Israel and Egypt , one year old in September,was clearly working well. In November the mandats of the UN peacekeeping force in the golan Height was again renewed for msix month,However ,pressures were growing for solutrion of fundamental problems-most likely ,solutions unwelocome to Israel. Premier Itzhak Rabin resigned on DEcember 20 after expelling the National Religious party from his coalation government. He ramained ,howeever , as head of caretaker cab inet,pending election in the spring of 1977. Ra bin was confronted by myriad problem. Israels situation has became more precarious,and more dependent on US support since 1973 war.WEST BANK DISTURBANCESA. a LONG SERIES OF OUTBREAKS OF VIOLENCE TOOK PLACE IN 1976 IN THE PREDOMINANTLY aRAB weST bANK TERRITORIES,OCCUPIED BY iSRAEL SINCE 1967 WAR,tHESE OUTBREAKS,WORSE THAN ANY BEFORE,POINT TO A SEVERE DILEMMA FOR THE iSRAELI GOVERNMENT.terrorism and entebe. iSRAELI CITIZEN WAS AGAIN VICTIMS OF A NUMBER OF TERRORIST ATTACK S ENGINEERED BY ONE OR ANOTHER pALESTINIAN GROUP . hOWEVER, IN ONE OF THE MOST SPECTACULAR INCIDENTS ANYWHERE IN THE WORLD IN 1976, THE iSRAELI ARMED FORCES SCORED A RESOUNDING VICTORY OVER THE FORCES OF TERRORISM. tHIS WAS THE EXTREMELY EFFICIENT AND OPERATIONALLY ELEGANT RESCUE ON jULY 4 at Entebbe Airport , Uganda , of hostages from an Air France jetliner,hijeacked on June 217 on a flight from tel Aviv to Paris. The Israeli task forces, which made a seven hour flight in six planes down the Re Sea to Uganda,consisted of 150 commandos and ateam of 33 doctors. Seven of the guerrillas were killed in the Operation as were 20 Uganda soldier an d soldiers. The Israeli had one casually but three of the nhostage also lost their live ( I had seen the the documentery film, one Isareli was killed becaue he jump up when the rescue army just kill the guirillas, and two was killed by Idi Amin who were in the hospital.). The rescue,regarded in westren countries as a magnificent achievement,gave a significant boost to Israeli morale that they had no more safe sancturies. tHE LEADEROF rESCUE COMMANDOS TO eNTBE AIRPORT uGANDA WAS bRIGJEN dEA sHAMMOND 
THE ASIA J COUNTRIES
1.JAPAN
Emerging slowly from a stubborn depression Japan during 1976 experienced much of the same trauma as its ally,the Unitedstates.Japanese politics was rocked ny the so-called Lockhead scandal, and the majority Liberal Democratic party(LDP) faced a generalelection in December.On November 10 the Japanese public rather impressively marked the 50th anniversery of the emperoraccesion to the throne.empeor Hirohito and empress,
Prince Michiko(now empress)
The press was more absorbed with speculation on the effect of the election of Jimmy Carter on US-Japanese relations.
Japan Information Highlights, Area 372.154km2, population 112.300.000, Goverment Head 
Hirohito,emperor(acceded Dec 1976) ,premier Takeo Fukuda
.Monetery Yen 294,55 equal US$1.
(2) The Japanese Stamps And Postal History
(a) Pre WWII
Japan first stamp
Dn Military Postcard
(b)Post WWII
THE ASIA K COUNTRIES THE ASIA COUNTRIES
NORTH KOREA
2.sOUTH kOREAi.lAOS PRE WW II
1.LAOS Laos first year as a ‘democratic republic’ was tough with severe fpood shortages causing growing disilluionment with the new Communist regime. Major aid from the governmens main friends-the soviet Union,Vietnam and to a lesser extent China-was necessery to head off starvation and to prevent the economy from collapsing.Politically,the countrys leadership wasnot seriously challaged. The ‘Peoples Democratic Republic of Laos’ which came into being with KIng Savang Vattanas abdiction in December 1975, turned out to be a fairly mild revolutionary regime in its first 12 months. No execution of former leaders were reported, and prince Souvana Phouma (premier in a coalation government until late 1975) was permitted to live in modestly comfortable retirement. Many onetime politician,bureucrats and army officers,however,even taken off to a political re-education center at Viengsay,the former headquaters of the once insurgent Pathet Lao. Top figure in the young regime was Kaysome Phoumvihan,who held both the prime menistership and the stratwegic post of secretary-general of the rulling Lao Peoples Revolutionary Party. The premier,hovever, is half-Vietnamese and is reportedly regarded as too pro-Hanoi. Leaflets was circulated in Vientien critizing him for his partially toward Vietnam-which still had 30.000 troops in Laos. Menister of Interior Somsume Kamphithoune,rarely seen and not widely known personally, was probably the second most radical. He had control of the national police. Prince Souphanouvong ,titular head of the Pathet Lao in the insurgency years and half-brother of Souvana Phouma, as president of the republic succeeded to the King’s role as chief of state,but his political importance was limited.The governments control did not extend throughout the countryside.Skirmished with small opposition bands continued but dismished steadily in importance. Laos information high light Official name Peoples Democratic Republic of Lacos,location Southeast Asia, Area 236,800 km2, Population 3.400.000, Monetery Kip (equal US$1). THE STAMP,POSTAL HISTORY AND PICTURE POSTCARD COLLECTIONS. PRE WAR
vVINTAGE PICTURE POSTCARD
POST WW II
VIETNAM,1.VIETNAM INDOCHINA
vietminh war
Liberation War.ICCS
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